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Rename

{
 "type": "module",
 "source": "doc/api/vm.md",
 "modules": [
 {
 "textRaw": "VM (executing JavaScript)",
 "name": "vm",
 "introduced_in": "v0.10.0",
 "stability": 2,
 "stabilityText": "Stable",
 "desc": "Source Code: <a href=\"https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v14.18.3/lib/vm.js\">lib/vm.js</a>\nThe <code>vm</code> module enables compiling and running code within V8 Virtual\nMachine contexts. The <code>vm</code> module is not a security mechanism. Do\nnot use it to run untrusted code.\nJavaScript code can be compiled and run immediately or\ncompiled, saved, and run later.\nA common use case is to run the code in a different V8 Context. This means\ninvoked code has a different global object than the invoking code.\nOne can provide the context by <a href=\"#vm_what_does_it_mean_to_contextify_an_object\">contextifying</a> an\nobject. The invoked code treats any property in the context like a\nglobal variable. Any changes to global variables caused by the invoked\ncode are reflected in the context object.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst x = 1;\n\nconst context = { x: 2 };\nvm.createContext(context); // Contextify the object.\n\nconst code = 'x += 40; var y = 17;';\n// `x` and `y` are global variables in the context.\n// Initially, x has the value 2 because that is the value of context.x.\nvm.runInContext(code, context);\n\nconsole.log(context.x); // 42\nconsole.log(context.y); // 17\n\nconsole.log(x); // 1; y is not defined.\n</code></pre>",
 "classes": [
 {
 "textRaw": "Class: `vm.Script`",
 "type": "class",
 "name": "vm.Script",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "desc": "Instances of the <code>vm.Script</code> class contain precompiled scripts that can be\nexecuted in specific contexts.",
 "methods": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`script.createCachedData()`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "createCachedData",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v10.6.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Buffer}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Buffer"
 },
 "params": []
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Creates a code cache that can be used with the <code>Script</code> constructor's\n<code>cachedData</code> option. Returns a <code>Buffer</code>. This method may be called at any\ntime and any number of times.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const script = new vm.Script(`\nfunction add(a, b) {\n return a + b;\n}\n\nconst x = add(1, 2);\n`);\n\nconst cacheWithoutX = script.createCachedData();\n\nscript.runInThisContext();\n\nconst cacheWithX = script.createCachedData();\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script.runInContext(contextifiedObject[, options])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "runInContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/6635",
 "description": "The `breakOnSigint` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {any} the result of the very last statement executed in the script.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "the result of the very last statement executed in the script."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextifiedObject` {Object} A [contextified][] object as returned by the `vm.createContext()` method.",
 "name": "contextifiedObject",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "A [contextified][] object as returned by the `vm.createContext()` method."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`displayErrors` {boolean} When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "displayErrors",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Runs the compiled code contained by the <code>vm.Script</code> object within the given\n<code>contextifiedObject</code> and returns the result. Running code does not have access\nto local scope.\nThe following example compiles code that increments a global variable, sets\nthe value of another global variable, then execute the code multiple times.\nThe globals are contained in the <code>context</code> object.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst context = {\n animal: 'cat',\n count: 2\n};\n\nconst script = new vm.Script('count += 1; name = \"kitty\";');\n\nvm.createContext(context);\nfor (let i = 0; i &#x3C; 10; ++i) {\n script.runInContext(context);\n}\n\nconsole.log(context);\n// Prints: { animal: 'cat', count: 12, name: 'kitty' }\n</code></pre>\nUsing the <code>timeout</code> or <code>breakOnSigint</code> options will result in new event loops\nand corresponding threads being started, which have a non-zero performance\noverhead."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script.runInNewContext([contextObject[, options]])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "runInNewContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v14.6.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/34023",
 "description": "The `microtaskMode` option is supported now."
 },
 {
 "version": "v10.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/19016",
 "description": "The `contextCodeGeneration` option is supported now."
 },
 {
 "version": "v6.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/6635",
 "description": "The `breakOnSigint` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {any} the result of the very last statement executed in the script.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "the result of the very last statement executed in the script."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextObject` {Object} An object that will be [contextified][]. If `undefined`, a new object will be created.",
 "name": "contextObject",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "An object that will be [contextified][]. If `undefined`, a new object will be created."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`displayErrors` {boolean} When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "displayErrors",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextName` {string} Human-readable name of the newly created context. **Default:** `'VM Context i'`, where `i` is an ascending numerical index of the created context.",
 "name": "contextName",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'VM Context i'`, where `i` is an ascending numerical index of the created context",
 "desc": "Human-readable name of the newly created context."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextOrigin` {string} [Origin][origin] corresponding to the newly created context for display purposes. The origin should be formatted like a URL, but with only the scheme, host, and port (if necessary), like the value of the [`url.origin`][] property of a [`URL`][] object. Most notably, this string should omit the trailing slash, as that denotes a path. **Default:** `''`.",
 "name": "contextOrigin",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`''`",
 "desc": "[Origin][origin] corresponding to the newly created context for display purposes. The origin should be formatted like a URL, but with only the scheme, host, and port (if necessary), like the value of the [`url.origin`][] property of a [`URL`][] object. Most notably, this string should omit the trailing slash, as that denotes a path."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextCodeGeneration` {Object}",
 "name": "contextCodeGeneration",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`strings` {boolean} If set to false any calls to `eval` or function constructors (`Function`, `GeneratorFunction`, etc) will throw an `EvalError`. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "strings",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "If set to false any calls to `eval` or function constructors (`Function`, `GeneratorFunction`, etc) will throw an `EvalError`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`wasm` {boolean} If set to false any attempt to compile a WebAssembly module will throw a `WebAssembly.CompileError`. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "wasm",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "If set to false any attempt to compile a WebAssembly module will throw a `WebAssembly.CompileError`."
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`microtaskMode` {string} If set to `afterEvaluate`, microtasks (tasks scheduled through `Promise`s and `async function`s) will be run immediately after the script has run. They are included in the `timeout` and `breakOnSigint` scopes in that case.",
 "name": "microtaskMode",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "If set to `afterEvaluate`, microtasks (tasks scheduled through `Promise`s and `async function`s) will be run immediately after the script has run. They are included in the `timeout` and `breakOnSigint` scopes in that case."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "First contextifies the given <code>contextObject</code>, runs the compiled code contained\nby the <code>vm.Script</code> object within the created context, and returns the result.\nRunning code does not have access to local scope.\nThe following example compiles code that sets a global variable, then executes\nthe code multiple times in different contexts. The globals are set on and\ncontained within each individual <code>context</code>.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst script = new vm.Script('globalVar = \"set\"');\n\nconst contexts = [{}, {}, {}];\ncontexts.forEach((context) => {\n script.runInNewContext(context);\n});\n\nconsole.log(contexts);\n// Prints: [{ globalVar: 'set' }, { globalVar: 'set' }, { globalVar: 'set' }]\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script.runInThisContext([options])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "runInThisContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/6635",
 "description": "The `breakOnSigint` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {any} the result of the very last statement executed in the script.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "the result of the very last statement executed in the script."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`displayErrors` {boolean} When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "displayErrors",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Runs the compiled code contained by the <code>vm.Script</code> within the context of the\ncurrent <code>global</code> object. Running code does not have access to local scope, but\ndoes have access to the current <code>global</code> object.\nThe following example compiles code that increments a <code>global</code> variable then\nexecutes that code multiple times:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nglobal.globalVar = 0;\n\nconst script = new vm.Script('globalVar += 1', { filename: 'myfile.vm' });\n\nfor (let i = 0; i &#x3C; 1000; ++i) {\n script.runInThisContext();\n}\n\nconsole.log(globalVar);\n\n// 1000\n</code></pre>"
 }
 ],
 "signatures": [
 {
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`code` {string} The JavaScript code to compile.",
 "name": "code",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "The JavaScript code to compile."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object|string}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object|string",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`filename` {string} Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`.",
 "name": "filename",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`",
 "desc": "Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`lineOffset` {number} Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "lineOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`columnOffset` {number} Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "columnOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`cachedData` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8.",
 "name": "cachedData",
 "type": "Buffer|TypedArray|DataView",
 "desc": "Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`produceCachedData` {boolean} When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "produceCachedData",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`importModuleDynamically` {Function} Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "name": "importModuleDynamically",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`specifier` {string} specifier passed to `import()`",
 "name": "specifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "specifier passed to `import()`"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script` {vm.Script}",
 "name": "script",
 "type": "vm.Script"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Module Namespace Object|vm.Module} Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Module Namespace Object|vm.Module",
 "desc": "Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "If <code>options</code> is a string, then it specifies the filename.\nCreating a new <code>vm.Script</code> object compiles <code>code</code> but does not run it. The\ncompiled <code>vm.Script</code> can be run later multiple times. The <code>code</code> is not bound to\nany global object; rather, it is bound before each run, just for that run."
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Class: `vm.Module`",
 "type": "class",
 "name": "vm.Module",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v13.0.0",
 "v12.16.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "stability": 1,
 "stabilityText": "Experimental",
 "desc": "This feature is only available with the <code>--experimental-vm-modules</code> command\nflag enabled.\nThe <code>vm.Module</code> class provides a low-level interface for using\nECMAScript modules in VM contexts. It is the counterpart of the <code>vm.Script</code>\nclass that closely mirrors <a href=\"https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/#sec-abstract-module-records\">Module Record</a>s as defined in the ECMAScript\nspecification.\nUnlike <code>vm.Script</code> however, every <code>vm.Module</code> object is bound to a context from\nits creation. Operations on <code>vm.Module</code> objects are intrinsically asynchronous,\nin contrast with the synchronous nature of <code>vm.Script</code> objects. The use of\n'async' functions can help with manipulating <code>vm.Module</code> objects.\nUsing a <code>vm.Module</code> object requires three distinct steps: creation/parsing,\nlinking, and evaluation. These three steps are illustrated in the following\nexample.\nThis implementation lies at a lower level than the <a href=\"esm.html#esm_modules_ecmascript_modules\">ECMAScript Module\nloader</a>. There is also no way to interact with the Loader yet, though\nsupport is planned.\n<pre><code class=\"language-mjs\">import vm from 'vm';\n\nconst contextifiedObject = vm.createContext({\n secret: 42,\n print: console.log,\n});\n\n// Step 1\n//\n// Create a Module by constructing a new `vm.SourceTextModule` object. This\n// parses the provided source text, throwing a `SyntaxError` if anything goes\n// wrong. By default, a Module is created in the top context. But here, we\n// specify `contextifiedObject` as the context this Module belongs to.\n//\n// Here, we attempt to obtain the default export from the module \"foo\", and\n// put it into local binding \"secret\".\n\nconst bar = new vm.SourceTextModule(`\n import s from 'foo';\n s;\n print(s);\n`, { context: contextifiedObject });\n\n// Step 2\n//\n// \"Link\" the imported dependencies of this Module to it.\n//\n// The provided linking callback (the \"linker\") accepts two arguments: the\n// parent module (`bar` in this case) and the string that is the specifier of\n// the imported module. The callback is expected to return a Module that\n// corresponds to the provided specifier, with certain requirements documented\n// in `module.link()`.\n//\n// If linking has not started for the returned Module, the same linker\n// callback will be called on the returned Module.\n//\n// Even top-level Modules without dependencies must be explicitly linked. The\n// callback provided would never be called, however.\n//\n// The link() method returns a Promise that will be resolved when all the\n// Promises returned by the linker resolve.\n//\n// Note: This is a contrived example in that the linker function creates a new\n// \"foo\" module every time it is called. In a full-fledged module system, a\n// cache would probably be used to avoid duplicated modules.\n\nasync function linker(specifier, referencingModule) {\n if (specifier === 'foo') {\n return new vm.SourceTextModule(`\n // The \"secret\" variable refers to the global variable we added to\n // \"contextifiedObject\" when creating the context.\n export default secret;\n `, { context: referencingModule.context });\n\n // Using `contextifiedObject` instead of `referencingModule.context`\n // here would work as well.\n }\n throw new Error(`Unable to resolve dependency: ${specifier}`);\n}\nawait bar.link(linker);\n\n// Step 3\n//\n// Evaluate the Module. The evaluate() method returns a promise which will\n// resolve after the module has finished evaluating.\n\n// Prints 42.\nawait bar.evaluate();\n</code></pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cjs\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst contextifiedObject = vm.createContext({\n secret: 42,\n print: console.log,\n});\n\n(async () => {\n // Step 1\n //\n // Create a Module by constructing a new `vm.SourceTextModule` object. This\n // parses the provided source text, throwing a `SyntaxError` if anything goes\n // wrong. By default, a Module is created in the top context. But here, we\n // specify `contextifiedObject` as the context this Module belongs to.\n //\n // Here, we attempt to obtain the default export from the module \"foo\", and\n // put it into local binding \"secret\".\n\n const bar = new vm.SourceTextModule(`\n import s from 'foo';\n s;\n print(s);\n `, { context: contextifiedObject });\n\n // Step 2\n //\n // \"Link\" the imported dependencies of this Module to it.\n //\n // The provided linking callback (the \"linker\") accepts two arguments: the\n // parent module (`bar` in this case) and the string that is the specifier of\n // the imported module. The callback is expected to return a Module that\n // corresponds to the provided specifier, with certain requirements documented\n // in `module.link()`.\n //\n // If linking has not started for the returned Module, the same linker\n // callback will be called on the returned Module.\n //\n // Even top-level Modules without dependencies must be explicitly linked. The\n // callback provided would never be called, however.\n //\n // The link() method returns a Promise that will be resolved when all the\n // Promises returned by the linker resolve.\n //\n // Note: This is a contrived example in that the linker function creates a new\n // \"foo\" module every time it is called. In a full-fledged module system, a\n // cache would probably be used to avoid duplicated modules.\n\n async function linker(specifier, referencingModule) {\n if (specifier === 'foo') {\n return new vm.SourceTextModule(`\n // The \"secret\" variable refers to the global variable we added to\n // \"contextifiedObject\" when creating the context.\n export default secret;\n `, { context: referencingModule.context });\n\n // Using `contextifiedObject` instead of `referencingModule.context`\n // here would work as well.\n }\n throw new Error(`Unable to resolve dependency: ${specifier}`);\n }\n await bar.link(linker);\n\n // Step 3\n //\n // Evaluate the Module. The evaluate() method returns a promise which will\n // resolve after the module has finished evaluating.\n\n // Prints 42.\n await bar.evaluate();\n})();\n</code></pre>",
 "properties": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`dependencySpecifiers` {string[]}",
 "type": "string[]",
 "name": "dependencySpecifiers",
 "desc": "The specifiers of all dependencies of this module. The returned array is frozen\nto disallow any changes to it.\nCorresponds to the <code>[[RequestedModules]]</code> field of <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-cyclic-module-records\">Cyclic Module Record</a>s in\nthe ECMAScript specification."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`error` {any}",
 "type": "any",
 "name": "error",
 "desc": "If the <code>module.status</code> is <code>'errored'</code>, this property contains the exception\nthrown by the module during evaluation. If the status is anything else,\naccessing this property will result in a thrown exception.\nThe value <code>undefined</code> cannot be used for cases where there is not a thrown\nexception due to possible ambiguity with <code>throw undefined;</code>.\nCorresponds to the <code>[[EvaluationError]]</code> field of <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-cyclic-module-records\">Cyclic Module Record</a>s\nin the ECMAScript specification."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`identifier` {string}",
 "type": "string",
 "name": "identifier",
 "desc": "The identifier of the current module, as set in the constructor."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`namespace` {Object}",
 "type": "Object",
 "name": "namespace",
 "desc": "The namespace object of the module. This is only available after linking\n(<code>module.link()</code>) has completed.\nCorresponds to the <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-getmodulenamespace\">GetModuleNamespace</a> abstract operation in the ECMAScript\nspecification."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`status` {string}",
 "type": "string",
 "name": "status",
 "desc": "The current status of the module. Will be one of:\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>'unlinked'</code>: <code>module.link()</code> has not yet been called.\n</li>\n<li>\n<code>'linking'</code>: <code>module.link()</code> has been called, but not all Promises returned\nby the linker function have been resolved yet.\n</li>\n<li>\n<code>'linked'</code>: The module has been linked successfully, and all of its\ndependencies are linked, but <code>module.evaluate()</code> has not yet been called.\n</li>\n<li>\n<code>'evaluating'</code>: The module is being evaluated through a <code>module.evaluate()</code> on\nitself or a parent module.\n</li>\n<li>\n<code>'evaluated'</code>: The module has been successfully evaluated.\n</li>\n<li>\n<code>'errored'</code>: The module has been evaluated, but an exception was thrown.\n</li>\n</ul>\nOther than <code>'errored'</code>, this status string corresponds to the specification's\n<a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-cyclic-module-records\">Cyclic Module Record</a>'s <code>[[Status]]</code> field. <code>'errored'</code> corresponds to\n<code>'evaluated'</code> in the specification, but with <code>[[EvaluationError]]</code> set to a\nvalue that is not <code>undefined</code>."
 }
 ],
 "methods": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`module.evaluate([options])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "evaluate",
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Promise} Fulfills with `undefined` upon success.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Promise",
 "desc": "Fulfills with `undefined` upon success."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to evaluate before terminating execution. If execution is interrupted, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to evaluate before terminating execution. If execution is interrupted, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Evaluate the module.\nThis must be called after the module has been linked; otherwise it will reject.\nIt could be called also when the module has already been evaluated, in which\ncase it will either do nothing if the initial evaluation ended in success\n(<code>module.status</code> is <code>'evaluated'</code>) or it will re-throw the exception that the\ninitial evaluation resulted in (<code>module.status</code> is <code>'errored'</code>).\nThis method cannot be called while the module is being evaluated\n(<code>module.status</code> is <code>'evaluating'</code>).\nCorresponds to the <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-moduleevaluation\">Evaluate() concrete method</a> field of <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-cyclic-module-records\">Cyclic Module\nRecord</a>s in the ECMAScript specification."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`module.link(linker)`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "link",
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Promise}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Promise"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`linker` {Function}",
 "name": "linker",
 "type": "Function",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`specifier` {string} The specifier of the requested module:```mjs import foo from 'foo'; // ^^^^^ the module specifier ```",
 "name": "specifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "The specifier of the requested module:```mjs import foo from 'foo'; // ^^^^^ the module specifier ```"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`referencingModule` {vm.Module} The `Module` object `link()` is called on.",
 "name": "referencingModule",
 "type": "vm.Module",
 "desc": "The `Module` object `link()` is called on."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {vm.Module|Promise}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "vm.Module|Promise"
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Link module dependencies. This method must be called before evaluation, and\ncan only be called once per module.\nThe function is expected to return a <code>Module</code> object or a <code>Promise</code> that\neventually resolves to a <code>Module</code> object. The returned <code>Module</code> must satisfy the\nfollowing two invariants:\n<ul>\n<li>It must belong to the same context as the parent <code>Module</code>.</li>\n<li>Its <code>status</code> must not be <code>'errored'</code>.</li>\n</ul>\nIf the returned <code>Module</code>'s <code>status</code> is <code>'unlinked'</code>, this method will be\nrecursively called on the returned <code>Module</code> with the same provided <code>linker</code>\nfunction.\n<code>link()</code> returns a <code>Promise</code> that will either get resolved when all linking\ninstances resolve to a valid <code>Module</code>, or rejected if the linker function either\nthrows an exception or returns an invalid <code>Module</code>.\nThe linker function roughly corresponds to the implementation-defined\n<a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-hostresolveimportedmodule\">HostResolveImportedModule</a> abstract operation in the ECMAScript\nspecification, with a few key differences:\n<ul>\n<li>The linker function is allowed to be asynchronous while\n<a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-hostresolveimportedmodule\">HostResolveImportedModule</a> is synchronous.</li>\n</ul>\nThe actual <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-hostresolveimportedmodule\">HostResolveImportedModule</a> implementation used during module\nlinking is one that returns the modules linked during linking. Since at\nthat point all modules would have been fully linked already, the\n<a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-hostresolveimportedmodule\">HostResolveImportedModule</a> implementation is fully synchronous per\nspecification.\nCorresponds to the <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-moduledeclarationlinking\">Link() concrete method</a> field of <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-cyclic-module-records\">Cyclic Module\nRecord</a>s in the ECMAScript specification."
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Class: `vm.SourceTextModule`",
 "type": "class",
 "name": "vm.SourceTextModule",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v9.6.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "stability": 1,
 "stabilityText": "Experimental",
 "desc": "This feature is only available with the <code>--experimental-vm-modules</code> command\nflag enabled.\n<ul>\n<li>Extends: <a href=\"vm.html#vm_class_vm_module\" class=\"type\">&lt;vm.Module&gt;</a></li>\n</ul>\nThe <code>vm.SourceTextModule</code> class provides the <a href=\"https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-source-text-module-records\">Source Text Module Record</a> as\ndefined in the ECMAScript specification.",
 "methods": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`sourceTextModule.createCachedData()`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "createCachedData",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v13.7.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Buffer}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Buffer"
 },
 "params": []
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Creates a code cache that can be used with the <code>SourceTextModule</code> constructor's\n<code>cachedData</code> option. Returns a <code>Buffer</code>. This method may be called any number\nof times before the module has been evaluated.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">// Create an initial module\nconst module = new vm.SourceTextModule('const a = 1;');\n\n// Create cached data from this module\nconst cachedData = module.createCachedData();\n\n// Create a new module using the cached data. The code must be the same.\nconst module2 = new vm.SourceTextModule('const a = 1;', { cachedData });\n</code></pre>"
 }
 ],
 "signatures": [
 {
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`code` {string} JavaScript Module code to parse",
 "name": "code",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "JavaScript Module code to parse"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options`",
 "name": "options",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`identifier` {string} String used in stack traces. **Default:** `'vm:module(i)'` where `i` is a context-specific ascending index.",
 "name": "identifier",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'vm:module(i)'` where `i` is a context-specific ascending index",
 "desc": "String used in stack traces."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`cachedData` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. The `code` must be the same as the module from which this `cachedData` was created.",
 "name": "cachedData",
 "type": "Buffer|TypedArray|DataView",
 "desc": "Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. The `code` must be the same as the module from which this `cachedData` was created."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`context` {Object} The [contextified][] object as returned by the `vm.createContext()` method, to compile and evaluate this `Module` in.",
 "name": "context",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "The [contextified][] object as returned by the `vm.createContext()` method, to compile and evaluate this `Module` in."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`lineOffset` {integer} Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this `Module`. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "lineOffset",
 "type": "integer",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this `Module`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`columnOffset` {integer} Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this `Module`. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "columnOffset",
 "type": "integer",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this `Module`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`initializeImportMeta` {Function} Called during evaluation of this `Module` to initialize the `import.meta`.",
 "name": "initializeImportMeta",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called during evaluation of this `Module` to initialize the `import.meta`.",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`meta` {import.meta}",
 "name": "meta",
 "type": "import.meta"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`module` {vm.SourceTextModule}",
 "name": "module",
 "type": "vm.SourceTextModule"
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`importModuleDynamically` {Function} Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][].",
 "name": "importModuleDynamically",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][].",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`specifier` {string} specifier passed to `import()`",
 "name": "specifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "specifier passed to `import()`"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`module` {vm.Module}",
 "name": "module",
 "type": "vm.Module"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Module Namespace Object|vm.Module} Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Module Namespace Object|vm.Module",
 "desc": "Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Creates a new <code>SourceTextModule</code> instance.\nProperties assigned to the <code>import.meta</code> object that are objects may\nallow the module to access information outside the specified <code>context</code>. Use\n<code>vm.runInContext()</code> to create objects in a specific context.\n<pre><code class=\"language-mjs\">import vm from 'vm';\n\nconst contextifiedObject = vm.createContext({ secret: 42 });\n\nconst module = new vm.SourceTextModule(\n 'Object.getPrototypeOf(import.meta.prop).secret = secret;',\n {\n initializeImportMeta(meta) {\n // Note: this object is created in the top context. As such,\n // Object.getPrototypeOf(import.meta.prop) points to the\n // Object.prototype in the top context rather than that in\n // the contextified object.\n meta.prop = {};\n }\n });\n// Since module has no dependencies, the linker function will never be called.\nawait module.link(() => {});\nawait module.evaluate();\n\n// Now, Object.prototype.secret will be equal to 42.\n//\n// To fix this problem, replace\n// meta.prop = {};\n// above with\n// meta.prop = vm.runInContext('{}', contextifiedObject);\n</code></pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cjs\">const vm = require('vm');\nconst contextifiedObject = vm.createContext({ secret: 42 });\n(async () => {\n const module = new vm.SourceTextModule(\n 'Object.getPrototypeOf(import.meta.prop).secret = secret;',\n {\n initializeImportMeta(meta) {\n // Note: this object is created in the top context. As such,\n // Object.getPrototypeOf(import.meta.prop) points to the\n // Object.prototype in the top context rather than that in\n // the contextified object.\n meta.prop = {};\n }\n });\n // Since module has no dependencies, the linker function will never be called.\n await module.link(() => {});\n await module.evaluate();\n // Now, Object.prototype.secret will be equal to 42.\n //\n // To fix this problem, replace\n // meta.prop = {};\n // above with\n // meta.prop = vm.runInContext('{}', contextifiedObject);\n})();\n</code></pre>"
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Class: `vm.SyntheticModule`",
 "type": "class",
 "name": "vm.SyntheticModule",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v13.0.0",
 "v12.16.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "stability": 1,
 "stabilityText": "Experimental",
 "desc": "This feature is only available with the <code>--experimental-vm-modules</code> command\nflag enabled.\n<ul>\n<li>Extends: <a href=\"vm.html#vm_class_vm_module\" class=\"type\">&lt;vm.Module&gt;</a></li>\n</ul>\nThe <code>vm.SyntheticModule</code> class provides the <a href=\"https://heycam.github.io/webidl/#synthetic-module-records\">Synthetic Module Record</a> as\ndefined in the WebIDL specification. The purpose of synthetic modules is to\nprovide a generic interface for exposing non-JavaScript sources to ECMAScript\nmodule graphs.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst source = '{ \"a\": 1 }';\nconst module = new vm.SyntheticModule(['default'], function() {\n const obj = JSON.parse(source);\n this.setExport('default', obj);\n});\n\n// Use `module` in linking...\n</code></pre>",
 "methods": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`syntheticModule.setExport(name, value)`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "setExport",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v13.0.0",
 "v12.16.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`name` {string} Name of the export to set.",
 "name": "name",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "Name of the export to set."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`value` {any} The value to set the export to.",
 "name": "value",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "The value to set the export to."
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "This method is used after the module is linked to set the values of exports. If\nit is called before the module is linked, an <a href=\"errors.html#ERR_VM_MODULE_STATUS\"><code>ERR_VM_MODULE_STATUS</code></a> error\nwill be thrown.\n<pre><code class=\"language-mjs\">import vm from 'vm';\n\nconst m = new vm.SyntheticModule(['x'], () => {\n m.setExport('x', 1);\n});\n\nawait m.link(() => {});\nawait m.evaluate();\n\nassert.strictEqual(m.namespace.x, 1);\n</code></pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cjs\">const vm = require('vm');\n(async () => {\n const m = new vm.SyntheticModule(['x'], () => {\n m.setExport('x', 1);\n });\n await m.link(() => {});\n await m.evaluate();\n assert.strictEqual(m.namespace.x, 1);\n})();\n</code></pre>"
 }
 ],
 "signatures": [
 {
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`exportNames` {string[]} Array of names that will be exported from the module.",
 "name": "exportNames",
 "type": "string[]",
 "desc": "Array of names that will be exported from the module."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`evaluateCallback` {Function} Called when the module is evaluated.",
 "name": "evaluateCallback",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called when the module is evaluated."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options`**Default:** `'vm:module(i)'` where `i` is a context-specific ascending index.",
 "name": "options",
 "default": "`'vm:module(i)'` where `i` is a context-specific ascending index",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`identifier` {string} String used in stack traces.",
 "name": "identifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "String used in stack traces."
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Creates a new <code>SyntheticModule</code> instance.\nObjects assigned to the exports of this instance may allow importers of\nthe module to access information outside the specified <code>context</code>. Use\n<code>vm.runInContext()</code> to create objects in a specific context."
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "methods": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.compileFunction(code[, params[, options]])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "compileFunction",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v10.10.0"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v14.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/33364",
 "description": "Removal of `importModuleDynamically` due to compatibility issues."
 },
 {
 "version": [
 "v14.1.0",
 "v13.14.0"
 ],
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/32985",
 "description": "The `importModuleDynamically` option is now supported."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Function}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Function"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`code` {string} The body of the function to compile.",
 "name": "code",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "The body of the function to compile."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`params` {string[]} An array of strings containing all parameters for the function.",
 "name": "params",
 "type": "string[]",
 "desc": "An array of strings containing all parameters for the function."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`filename` {string} Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `''`.",
 "name": "filename",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`''`",
 "desc": "Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`lineOffset` {number} Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "lineOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`columnOffset` {number} Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "columnOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`cachedData` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source.",
 "name": "cachedData",
 "type": "Buffer|TypedArray|DataView",
 "desc": "Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`produceCachedData` {boolean} Specifies whether to produce new cache data. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "produceCachedData",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "Specifies whether to produce new cache data."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`parsingContext` {Object} The [contextified][] object in which the said function should be compiled in.",
 "name": "parsingContext",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "The [contextified][] object in which the said function should be compiled in."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextExtensions` {Object[]} An array containing a collection of context extensions (objects wrapping the current scope) to be applied while compiling. **Default:** `[]`.",
 "name": "contextExtensions",
 "type": "Object[]",
 "default": "`[]`",
 "desc": "An array containing a collection of context extensions (objects wrapping the current scope) to be applied while compiling."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Compiles the given code into the provided context (if no context is\nsupplied, the current context is used), and returns it wrapped inside a\nfunction with the given <code>params</code>."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.createContext([contextObject[, options]])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "createContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v14.6.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/34023",
 "description": "The `microtaskMode` option is supported now."
 },
 {
 "version": "v10.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/19398",
 "description": "The first argument can no longer be a function."
 },
 {
 "version": "v10.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/19016",
 "description": "The `codeGeneration` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Object} contextified object.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "contextified object."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextObject` {Object}",
 "name": "contextObject",
 "type": "Object"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`name` {string} Human-readable name of the newly created context. **Default:** `'VM Context i'`, where `i` is an ascending numerical index of the created context.",
 "name": "name",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'VM Context i'`, where `i` is an ascending numerical index of the created context",
 "desc": "Human-readable name of the newly created context."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`origin` {string} [Origin][origin] corresponding to the newly created context for display purposes. The origin should be formatted like a URL, but with only the scheme, host, and port (if necessary), like the value of the [`url.origin`][] property of a [`URL`][] object. Most notably, this string should omit the trailing slash, as that denotes a path. **Default:** `''`.",
 "name": "origin",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`''`",
 "desc": "[Origin][origin] corresponding to the newly created context for display purposes. The origin should be formatted like a URL, but with only the scheme, host, and port (if necessary), like the value of the [`url.origin`][] property of a [`URL`][] object. Most notably, this string should omit the trailing slash, as that denotes a path."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`codeGeneration` {Object}",
 "name": "codeGeneration",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`strings` {boolean} If set to false any calls to `eval` or function constructors (`Function`, `GeneratorFunction`, etc) will throw an `EvalError`. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "strings",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "If set to false any calls to `eval` or function constructors (`Function`, `GeneratorFunction`, etc) will throw an `EvalError`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`wasm` {boolean} If set to false any attempt to compile a WebAssembly module will throw a `WebAssembly.CompileError`. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "wasm",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "If set to false any attempt to compile a WebAssembly module will throw a `WebAssembly.CompileError`."
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`microtaskMode` {string} If set to `afterEvaluate`, microtasks (tasks scheduled through `Promise`s and `async function`s) will be run immediately after a script has run through [`script.runInContext()`][]. They are included in the `timeout` and `breakOnSigint` scopes in that case.",
 "name": "microtaskMode",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "If set to `afterEvaluate`, microtasks (tasks scheduled through `Promise`s and `async function`s) will be run immediately after a script has run through [`script.runInContext()`][]. They are included in the `timeout` and `breakOnSigint` scopes in that case."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "If given a <code>contextObject</code>, the <code>vm.createContext()</code> method will <a href=\"#vm_what_does_it_mean_to_contextify_an_object\">prepare\nthat object</a> so that it can be used in calls to\n<a href=\"#vm_vm_runincontext_code_contextifiedobject_options\"><code>vm.runInContext()</code></a> or <a href=\"#vm_script_runincontext_contextifiedobject_options\"><code>script.runInContext()</code></a>. Inside such scripts,\nthe <code>contextObject</code> will be the global object, retaining all of its existing\nproperties but also having the built-in objects and functions any standard\n<a href=\"https://es5.github.io/#x15.1\">global object</a> has. Outside of scripts run by the vm module, global variables\nwill remain unchanged.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nglobal.globalVar = 3;\n\nconst context = { globalVar: 1 };\nvm.createContext(context);\n\nvm.runInContext('globalVar *= 2;', context);\n\nconsole.log(context);\n// Prints: { globalVar: 2 }\n\nconsole.log(global.globalVar);\n// Prints: 3\n</code></pre>\nIf <code>contextObject</code> is omitted (or passed explicitly as <code>undefined</code>), a new,\nempty <a href=\"#vm_what_does_it_mean_to_contextify_an_object\">contextified</a> object will be returned.\nThe <code>vm.createContext()</code> method is primarily useful for creating a single\ncontext that can be used to run multiple scripts. For instance, if emulating a\nweb browser, the method can be used to create a single context representing a\nwindow's global object, then run all <code>&#x3C;script></code> tags together within that\ncontext.\nThe provided <code>name</code> and <code>origin</code> of the context are made visible through the\nInspector API."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.isContext(object)`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "isContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.11.7"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {boolean}",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "boolean"
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`object` {Object}",
 "name": "object",
 "type": "Object"
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Returns <code>true</code> if the given <code>object</code> object has been <a href=\"#vm_what_does_it_mean_to_contextify_an_object\">contextified</a> using\n<a href=\"#vm_vm_createcontext_contextobject_options\"><code>vm.createContext()</code></a>."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.measureMemory([options])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "measureMemory",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v13.10.0"
 ],
 "changes": []
 },
 "stability": 1,
 "stabilityText": "Experimental",
 "signatures": [
 {
 "params": []
 }
 ],
 "desc": "Measure the memory known to V8 and used by all contexts known to the\ncurrent V8 isolate, or the main context.\n<ul>\n<li><code>options</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object\" class=\"type\">&lt;Object&gt;</a> Optional.\n<ul>\n<li><code>mode</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a> Either <code>'summary'</code> or <code>'detailed'</code>. In summary mode,\nonly the memory measured for the main context will be returned. In\ndetailed mode, the measure measured for all contexts known to the\ncurrent V8 isolate will be returned.\nDefault: <code>'summary'</code></li>\n<li><code>execution</code> <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type\" class=\"type\">&lt;string&gt;</a> Either <code>'default'</code> or <code>'eager'</code>. With default\nexecution, the promise will not resolve until after the next scheduled\ngarbage collection starts, which may take a while (or never if the program\nexits before the next GC). With eager execution, the GC will be started\nright away to measure the memory.\nDefault: <code>'default'</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>Returns: <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise\" class=\"type\">&lt;Promise&gt;</a> If the memory is successfully measured the promise will\nresolve with an object containing information about the memory usage.</li>\n</ul>\nThe format of the object that the returned Promise may resolve with is\nspecific to the V8 engine and may change from one version of V8 to the next.\nThe returned result is different from the statistics returned by\n<code>v8.getHeapSpaceStatistics()</code> in that <code>vm.measureMemory()</code> measure the\nmemory reachable by each V8 specific contexts in the current instance of\nthe V8 engine, while the result of <code>v8.getHeapSpaceStatistics()</code> measure\nthe memory occupied by each heap space in the current V8 instance.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n// Measure the memory used by the main context.\nvm.measureMemory({ mode: 'summary' })\n // This is the same as vm.measureMemory()\n .then((result) => {\n // The current format is:\n // {\n // total: {\n // jsMemoryEstimate: 2418479, jsMemoryRange: [ 2418479, 2745799 ]\n // }\n // }\n console.log(result);\n });\n\nconst context = vm.createContext({ a: 1 });\nvm.measureMemory({ mode: 'detailed', execution: 'eager' })\n .then((result) => {\n // Reference the context here so that it won't be GC'ed\n // until the measurement is complete.\n console.log(context.a);\n // {\n // total: {\n // jsMemoryEstimate: 2574732,\n // jsMemoryRange: [ 2574732, 2904372 ]\n // },\n // current: {\n // jsMemoryEstimate: 2438996,\n // jsMemoryRange: [ 2438996, 2768636 ]\n // },\n // other: [\n // {\n // jsMemoryEstimate: 135736,\n // jsMemoryRange: [ 135736, 465376 ]\n // }\n // ]\n // }\n console.log(result);\n });\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.runInContext(code, contextifiedObject[, options])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "runInContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/6635",
 "description": "The `breakOnSigint` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {any} the result of the very last statement executed in the script.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "the result of the very last statement executed in the script."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`code` {string} The JavaScript code to compile and run.",
 "name": "code",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "The JavaScript code to compile and run."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextifiedObject` {Object} The [contextified][] object that will be used as the `global` when the `code` is compiled and run.",
 "name": "contextifiedObject",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "The [contextified][] object that will be used as the `global` when the `code` is compiled and run."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object|string}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object|string",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`filename` {string} Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`.",
 "name": "filename",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`",
 "desc": "Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`lineOffset` {number} Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "lineOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`columnOffset` {number} Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "columnOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`displayErrors` {boolean} When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "displayErrors",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`cachedData` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8.",
 "name": "cachedData",
 "type": "Buffer|TypedArray|DataView",
 "desc": "Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`produceCachedData` {boolean} When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "produceCachedData",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`importModuleDynamically` {Function} Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "name": "importModuleDynamically",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`specifier` {string} specifier passed to `import()`",
 "name": "specifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "specifier passed to `import()`"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script` {vm.Script}",
 "name": "script",
 "type": "vm.Script"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Module Namespace Object|vm.Module} Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Module Namespace Object|vm.Module",
 "desc": "Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>vm.runInContext()</code> method compiles <code>code</code>, runs it within the context of\nthe <code>contextifiedObject</code>, then returns the result. Running code does not have\naccess to the local scope. The <code>contextifiedObject</code> object must have been\npreviously <a href=\"#vm_what_does_it_mean_to_contextify_an_object\">contextified</a> using the <a href=\"#vm_vm_createcontext_contextobject_options\"><code>vm.createContext()</code></a> method.\nIf <code>options</code> is a string, then it specifies the filename.\nThe following example compiles and executes different scripts using a single\n<a href=\"#vm_what_does_it_mean_to_contextify_an_object\">contextified</a> object:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst contextObject = { globalVar: 1 };\nvm.createContext(contextObject);\n\nfor (let i = 0; i &#x3C; 10; ++i) {\n vm.runInContext('globalVar *= 2;', contextObject);\n}\nconsole.log(contextObject);\n// Prints: { globalVar: 1024 }\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.runInNewContext(code[, contextObject[, options]])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "runInNewContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v14.6.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/34023",
 "description": "The `microtaskMode` option is supported now."
 },
 {
 "version": "v10.0.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/19016",
 "description": "The `contextCodeGeneration` option is supported now."
 },
 {
 "version": "v6.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/6635",
 "description": "The `breakOnSigint` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {any} the result of the very last statement executed in the script.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "the result of the very last statement executed in the script."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`code` {string} The JavaScript code to compile and run.",
 "name": "code",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "The JavaScript code to compile and run."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextObject` {Object} An object that will be [contextified][]. If `undefined`, a new object will be created.",
 "name": "contextObject",
 "type": "Object",
 "desc": "An object that will be [contextified][]. If `undefined`, a new object will be created."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object|string}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object|string",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`filename` {string} Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`.",
 "name": "filename",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`",
 "desc": "Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`lineOffset` {number} Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "lineOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`columnOffset` {number} Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "columnOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`displayErrors` {boolean} When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "displayErrors",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextName` {string} Human-readable name of the newly created context. **Default:** `'VM Context i'`, where `i` is an ascending numerical index of the created context.",
 "name": "contextName",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'VM Context i'`, where `i` is an ascending numerical index of the created context",
 "desc": "Human-readable name of the newly created context."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextOrigin` {string} [Origin][origin] corresponding to the newly created context for display purposes. The origin should be formatted like a URL, but with only the scheme, host, and port (if necessary), like the value of the [`url.origin`][] property of a [`URL`][] object. Most notably, this string should omit the trailing slash, as that denotes a path. **Default:** `''`.",
 "name": "contextOrigin",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`''`",
 "desc": "[Origin][origin] corresponding to the newly created context for display purposes. The origin should be formatted like a URL, but with only the scheme, host, and port (if necessary), like the value of the [`url.origin`][] property of a [`URL`][] object. Most notably, this string should omit the trailing slash, as that denotes a path."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`contextCodeGeneration` {Object}",
 "name": "contextCodeGeneration",
 "type": "Object",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`strings` {boolean} If set to false any calls to `eval` or function constructors (`Function`, `GeneratorFunction`, etc) will throw an `EvalError`. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "strings",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "If set to false any calls to `eval` or function constructors (`Function`, `GeneratorFunction`, etc) will throw an `EvalError`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`wasm` {boolean} If set to false any attempt to compile a WebAssembly module will throw a `WebAssembly.CompileError`. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "wasm",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "If set to false any attempt to compile a WebAssembly module will throw a `WebAssembly.CompileError`."
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`cachedData` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8.",
 "name": "cachedData",
 "type": "Buffer|TypedArray|DataView",
 "desc": "Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`produceCachedData` {boolean} When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "produceCachedData",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`importModuleDynamically` {Function} Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "name": "importModuleDynamically",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`specifier` {string} specifier passed to `import()`",
 "name": "specifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "specifier passed to `import()`"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script` {vm.Script}",
 "name": "script",
 "type": "vm.Script"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Module Namespace Object|vm.Module} Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Module Namespace Object|vm.Module",
 "desc": "Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports."
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`microtaskMode` {string} If set to `afterEvaluate`, microtasks (tasks scheduled through `Promise`s and `async function`s) will be run immediately after the script has run. They are included in the `timeout` and `breakOnSigint` scopes in that case.",
 "name": "microtaskMode",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "If set to `afterEvaluate`, microtasks (tasks scheduled through `Promise`s and `async function`s) will be run immediately after the script has run. They are included in the `timeout` and `breakOnSigint` scopes in that case."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "The <code>vm.runInNewContext()</code> first contextifies the given <code>contextObject</code> (or\ncreates a new <code>contextObject</code> if passed as <code>undefined</code>), compiles the <code>code</code>,\nruns it within the created context, then returns the result. Running code\ndoes not have access to the local scope.\nIf <code>options</code> is a string, then it specifies the filename.\nThe following example compiles and executes code that increments a global\nvariable and sets a new one. These globals are contained in the <code>contextObject</code>.\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nconst contextObject = {\n animal: 'cat',\n count: 2\n};\n\nvm.runInNewContext('count += 1; name = \"kitty\"', contextObject);\nconsole.log(contextObject);\n// Prints: { animal: 'cat', count: 3, name: 'kitty' }\n</code></pre>"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`vm.runInThisContext(code[, options])`",
 "type": "method",
 "name": "runInThisContext",
 "meta": {
 "added": [
 "v0.3.1"
 ],
 "changes": [
 {
 "version": "v6.3.0",
 "pr-url": "https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/6635",
 "description": "The `breakOnSigint` option is supported now."
 }
 ]
 },
 "signatures": [
 {
 "return": {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {any} the result of the very last statement executed in the script.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "any",
 "desc": "the result of the very last statement executed in the script."
 },
 "params": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`code` {string} The JavaScript code to compile and run.",
 "name": "code",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "The JavaScript code to compile and run."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`options` {Object|string}",
 "name": "options",
 "type": "Object|string",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`filename` {string} Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`.",
 "name": "filename",
 "type": "string",
 "default": "`'evalmachine.<anonymous>'`",
 "desc": "Specifies the filename used in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`lineOffset` {number} Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "lineOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the line number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`columnOffset` {number} Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script. **Default:** `0`.",
 "name": "columnOffset",
 "type": "number",
 "default": "`0`",
 "desc": "Specifies the first-line column number offset that is displayed in stack traces produced by this script."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`displayErrors` {boolean} When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace. **Default:** `true`.",
 "name": "displayErrors",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`true`",
 "desc": "When `true`, if an [`Error`][] occurs while compiling the `code`, the line of code causing the error is attached to the stack trace."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`timeout` {integer} Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer.",
 "name": "timeout",
 "type": "integer",
 "desc": "Specifies the number of milliseconds to execute `code` before terminating execution. If execution is terminated, an [`Error`][] will be thrown. This value must be a strictly positive integer."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`breakOnSigint` {boolean} If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "breakOnSigint",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "If `true`, receiving `SIGINT` (<kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>C</kbd>) will terminate execution and throw an [`Error`][]. Existing handlers for the event that have been attached via `process.on('SIGINT')` are disabled during script execution, but continue to work after that."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`cachedData` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8.",
 "name": "cachedData",
 "type": "Buffer|TypedArray|DataView",
 "desc": "Provides an optional `Buffer` or `TypedArray`, or `DataView` with V8's code cache data for the supplied source. When supplied, the `cachedDataRejected` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on acceptance of the data by V8."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`produceCachedData` {boolean} When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`. **Default:** `false`.",
 "name": "produceCachedData",
 "type": "boolean",
 "default": "`false`",
 "desc": "When `true` and no `cachedData` is present, V8 will attempt to produce code cache data for `code`. Upon success, a `Buffer` with V8's code cache data will be produced and stored in the `cachedData` property of the returned `vm.Script` instance. The `cachedDataProduced` value will be set to either `true` or `false` depending on whether code cache data is produced successfully. This option is **deprecated** in favor of `script.createCachedData()`."
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`importModuleDynamically` {Function} Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "name": "importModuleDynamically",
 "type": "Function",
 "desc": "Called during evaluation of this module when `import()` is called. If this option is not specified, calls to `import()` will reject with [`ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING`][]. This option is part of the experimental modules API. We do not recommend using it in a production environment.",
 "options": [
 {
 "textRaw": "`specifier` {string} specifier passed to `import()`",
 "name": "specifier",
 "type": "string",
 "desc": "specifier passed to `import()`"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "`script` {vm.Script}",
 "name": "script",
 "type": "vm.Script"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Returns: {Module Namespace Object|vm.Module} Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports.",
 "name": "return",
 "type": "Module Namespace Object|vm.Module",
 "desc": "Returning a `vm.Module` is recommended in order to take advantage of error tracking, and to avoid issues with namespaces that contain `then` function exports."
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }
 ],
 "desc": "<code>vm.runInThisContext()</code> compiles <code>code</code>, runs it within the context of the\ncurrent <code>global</code> and returns the result. Running code does not have access to\nlocal scope, but does have access to the current <code>global</code> object.\nIf <code>options</code> is a string, then it specifies the filename.\nThe following example illustrates using both <code>vm.runInThisContext()</code> and\nthe JavaScript <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/eval\"><code>eval()</code></a> function to run the same code:\n\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\nlet localVar = 'initial value';\n\nconst vmResult = vm.runInThisContext('localVar = \"vm\";');\nconsole.log(`vmResult: '${vmResult}', localVar: '${localVar}'`);\n// Prints: vmResult: 'vm', localVar: 'initial value'\n\nconst evalResult = eval('localVar = \"eval\";');\nconsole.log(`evalResult: '${evalResult}', localVar: '${localVar}'`);\n// Prints: evalResult: 'eval', localVar: 'eval'\n</code></pre>\nBecause <code>vm.runInThisContext()</code> does not have access to the local scope,\n<code>localVar</code> is unchanged. In contrast, <a href=\"https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/eval\"><code>eval()</code></a> does have access to the\nlocal scope, so the value <code>localVar</code> is changed. In this way\n<code>vm.runInThisContext()</code> is much like an <a href=\"https://es5.github.io/#x10.4.2\">indirect <code>eval()</code> call</a>, e.g.\n<code>(0,eval)('code')</code>.\n<h2>Example: Running an HTTP server within a VM</h2>\nWhen using either <a href=\"#vm_script_runinthiscontext_options\"><code>script.runInThisContext()</code></a> or\n<a href=\"#vm_vm_runinthiscontext_code_options\"><code>vm.runInThisContext()</code></a>, the code is executed within the current V8 global\ncontext. The code passed to this VM context will have its own isolated scope.\nIn order to run a simple web server using the <code>http</code> module the code passed to\nthe context must either call <code>require('http')</code> on its own, or have a reference\nto the <code>http</code> module passed to it. For instance:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">'use strict';\nconst vm = require('vm');\n\nconst code = `\n((require) => {\n const http = require('http');\n\n http.createServer((request, response) => {\n response.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });\n response.end('Hello World\\\\n');\n }).listen(8124);\n\n console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8124/');\n})`;\n\nvm.runInThisContext(code)(require);\n</code></pre>\nThe <code>require()</code> in the above case shares the state with the context it is\npassed from. This may introduce risks when untrusted code is executed, e.g.\naltering objects in the context in unwanted ways."
 }
 ],
 "modules": [
 {
 "textRaw": "What does it mean to \"contextify\" an object?",
 "name": "what_does_it_mean_to_\"contextify\"_an_object?",
 "desc": "All JavaScript executed within Node.js runs within the scope of a \"context\".\nAccording to the <a href=\"https://v8.dev/docs/embed#contexts\">V8 Embedder's Guide</a>:\n<blockquote>\nIn V8, a context is an execution environment that allows separate, unrelated,\nJavaScript applications to run in a single instance of V8. You must explicitly\nspecify the context in which you want any JavaScript code to be run.\n</blockquote>\nWhen the method <code>vm.createContext()</code> is called, the <code>contextObject</code> argument\n(or a newly-created object if <code>contextObject</code> is <code>undefined</code>) is associated\ninternally with a new instance of a V8 Context. This V8 Context provides the\n<code>code</code> run using the <code>vm</code> module's methods with an isolated global environment\nwithin which it can operate. The process of creating the V8 Context and\nassociating it with the <code>contextObject</code> is what this document refers to as\n\"contextifying\" the object.",
 "type": "module",
 "displayName": "What does it mean to \"contextify\" an object?"
 },
 {
 "textRaw": "Timeout interactions with asynchronous tasks and Promises",
 "name": "timeout_interactions_with_asynchronous_tasks_and_promises",
 "desc": "<code>Promise</code>s and <code>async function</code>s can schedule tasks run by the JavaScript\nengine asynchronously. By default, these tasks are run after all JavaScript\nfunctions on the current stack are done executing.\nThis allows escaping the functionality of the <code>timeout</code> and\n<code>breakOnSigint</code> options.\nFor example, the following code executed by <code>vm.runInNewContext()</code> with a\ntimeout of 5 milliseconds schedules an infinite loop to run after a promise\nresolves. The scheduled loop is never interrupted by the timeout:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nfunction loop() {\n console.log('entering loop');\n while (1) console.log(Date.now());\n}\n\nvm.runInNewContext(\n 'Promise.resolve().then(() => loop());',\n { loop, console },\n { timeout: 5 }\n);\n// This is printed *before* 'entering loop' (!)\nconsole.log('done executing');\n</code></pre>\nThis can be addressed by passing <code>microtaskMode: 'afterEvaluate'</code> to the code\nthat creates the <code>Context</code>:\n<pre><code class=\"language-js\">const vm = require('vm');\n\nfunction loop() {\n while (1) console.log(Date.now());\n}\n\nvm.runInNewContext(\n 'Promise.resolve().then(() => loop());',\n { loop, console },\n { timeout: 5, microtaskMode: 'afterEvaluate' }\n);\n</code></pre>\nIn this case, the microtask scheduled through <code>promise.then()</code> will be run\nbefore returning from <code>vm.runInNewContext()</code>, and will be interrupted\nby the <code>timeout</code> functionality. This applies only to code running in a\n<code>vm.Context</code>, so e.g. <a href=\"#vm_vm_runinthiscontext_code_options\"><code>vm.runInThisContext()</code></a> does not take this option.\nPromise callbacks are entered into the microtask queue of the context in which\nthey were created. For example, if <code>() => loop()</code> is replaced with just <code>loop</code>\nin the above example, then <code>loop</code> will be pushed into the global microtask\nqueue, because it is a function from the outer (main) context, and thus will\nalso be able to escape the timeout.\nIf asynchronous scheduling functions such as <code>process.nextTick()</code>,\n<code>queueMicrotask()</code>, <code>setTimeout()</code>, <code>setImmediate()</code>, etc. are made available\ninside a <code>vm.Context</code>, functions passed to them will be added to global queues,\nwhich are shared by all contexts. Therefore, callbacks passed to those functions\nare not controllable through the timeout either.",
 "type": "module",
 "displayName": "Timeout interactions with asynchronous tasks and Promises"
 }
 ],
 "type": "module",
 "displayName": "vm"
 }
 ]
}